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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/**
* Copyright (c) 2014, Regents of the University of California,
* Arizona Board of Regents,
* Colorado State University,
* University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
* Washington University in St. Louis,
* Beijing Institute of Technology,
* The University of Memphis
*
* This file is part of NFD (Named Data Networking Forwarding Daemon).
* See AUTHORS.md for complete list of NFD authors and contributors.
*
* NFD is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
* of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
* either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* NFD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
* without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
* NFD, e.g., in COPYING.md file. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
**/
#include "ethernet-face.hpp"
#include "core/logger.hpp"
#include "core/network-interface.hpp"
#include <pcap/pcap.h>
#include <cstring> // for std::strncpy()
#include <arpa/inet.h> // for htons() and ntohs()
#include <net/ethernet.h> // for struct ether_header
#include <net/if.h> // for struct ifreq
#include <stdio.h> // for snprintf()
#include <sys/ioctl.h> // for ioctl()
#include <unistd.h> // for dup()
#if !defined(PCAP_NETMASK_UNKNOWN)
/*
* Value to pass to pcap_compile() as the netmask if you don't know what
* the netmask is.
*/
#define PCAP_NETMASK_UNKNOWN 0xffffffff
#endif
namespace nfd {
NFD_LOG_INIT("EthernetFace");
EthernetFace::EthernetFace(const shared_ptr<boost::asio::posix::stream_descriptor>& socket,
const shared_ptr<NetworkInterfaceInfo>& interface,
const ethernet::Address& address)
: Face(FaceUri(address), FaceUri::fromDev(interface->name))
, m_socket(socket)
, m_interfaceName(interface->name)
, m_srcAddress(interface->etherAddress)
, m_destAddress(address)
{
NFD_LOG_INFO("Creating ethernet face on " << m_interfaceName << ": "
<< m_srcAddress << " <--> " << m_destAddress);
pcapInit();
int fd = pcap_get_selectable_fd(m_pcap);
if (fd < 0)
throw Error("pcap_get_selectable_fd() failed");
// need to duplicate the fd, otherwise both pcap_close()
// and stream_descriptor::close() will try to close the
// same fd and one of them will fail
m_socket->assign(::dup(fd));
m_interfaceMtu = getInterfaceMtu();
NFD_LOG_DEBUG("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Interface MTU is: " << m_interfaceMtu);
char filter[100];
::snprintf(filter, sizeof(filter),
"(ether proto 0x%x) && (ether dst %s) && (not ether src %s)",
ETHERTYPE_NDN,
m_destAddress.toString().c_str(),
m_srcAddress.toString().c_str());
setPacketFilter(filter);
m_socket->async_read_some(boost::asio::null_buffers(),
bind(&EthernetFace::handleRead, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
EthernetFace::~EthernetFace()
{
onFail.clear(); // no reason to call onFail anymore
close();
}
void
EthernetFace::sendInterest(const Interest& interest)
{
onSendInterest(interest);
sendPacket(interest.wireEncode());
}
void
EthernetFace::sendData(const Data& data)
{
onSendData(data);
sendPacket(data.wireEncode());
}
void
EthernetFace::close()
{
if (m_pcap)
{
boost::system::error_code error;
m_socket->close(error); // ignore errors
pcap_close(m_pcap);
m_pcap = 0;
fail("Face closed");
}
}
void
EthernetFace::pcapInit()
{
char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
errbuf[0] = '\0';
m_pcap = pcap_create(m_interfaceName.c_str(), errbuf);
if (!m_pcap)
throw Error("pcap_create(): " + std::string(errbuf));
#ifdef HAVE_PCAP_SET_IMMEDIATE_MODE
// Enable "immediate mode", effectively disabling any read buffering in the kernel.
// This corresponds to the BIOCIMMEDIATE ioctl on BSD-like systems (including OS X)
// where libpcap uses a BPF device. On Linux this forces libpcap not to use TPACKET_V3,
// even if the kernel supports it, thus preventing bug #1511.
pcap_set_immediate_mode(m_pcap, 1);
#endif
/// \todo Do not rely on promisc mode, see task #1278
if (!m_destAddress.isBroadcast())
pcap_set_promisc(m_pcap, 1);
if (pcap_activate(m_pcap) < 0)
throw Error("pcap_activate() failed");
if (pcap_set_datalink(m_pcap, DLT_EN10MB) < 0)
throw Error("pcap_set_datalink(): " + std::string(pcap_geterr(m_pcap)));
if (pcap_setdirection(m_pcap, PCAP_D_IN) < 0)
// no need to throw on failure, BPF will filter unwanted packets anyway
NFD_LOG_WARN("pcap_setdirection(): " << pcap_geterr(m_pcap));
}
void
EthernetFace::setPacketFilter(const char* filterString)
{
bpf_program filter;
if (pcap_compile(m_pcap, &filter, filterString, 1, PCAP_NETMASK_UNKNOWN) < 0)
throw Error("pcap_compile(): " + std::string(pcap_geterr(m_pcap)));
int ret = pcap_setfilter(m_pcap, &filter);
pcap_freecode(&filter);
if (ret < 0)
throw Error("pcap_setfilter(): " + std::string(pcap_geterr(m_pcap)));
}
void
EthernetFace::sendPacket(const ndn::Block& block)
{
if (!m_pcap)
{
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Trying to send on closed face");
fail("Face closed");
return;
}
/// \todo Fragmentation
if (block.size() > m_interfaceMtu)
{
NFD_LOG_ERROR("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Fragmentation not implemented: dropping packet larger than MTU");
return;
}
/// \todo Right now there is no reserve when packet is received, but
/// we should reserve some space at the beginning and at the end
ndn::EncodingBuffer buffer(block);
// pad with zeroes if the payload is too short
if (block.size() < ethernet::MIN_DATA_LEN)
{
static const uint8_t padding[ethernet::MIN_DATA_LEN] = {0};
buffer.appendByteArray(padding, ethernet::MIN_DATA_LEN - block.size());
}
// construct and prepend the ethernet header
static uint16_t ethertype = htons(ETHERTYPE_NDN);
buffer.prependByteArray(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&ethertype), ethernet::TYPE_LEN);
buffer.prependByteArray(m_srcAddress.data(), m_srcAddress.size());
buffer.prependByteArray(m_destAddress.data(), m_destAddress.size());
// send the packet
int sent = pcap_inject(m_pcap, buffer.buf(), buffer.size());
if (sent < 0)
{
throw Error("pcap_inject(): " + std::string(pcap_geterr(m_pcap)));
}
else if (static_cast<size_t>(sent) < buffer.size())
{
throw Error("Failed to send packet");
}
NFD_LOG_TRACE("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Successfully sent: " << buffer.size() << " bytes");
}
void
EthernetFace::handleRead(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t)
{
if (error)
return processErrorCode(error);
pcap_pkthdr* pktHeader;
const uint8_t* packet;
int ret = pcap_next_ex(m_pcap, &pktHeader, &packet);
if (ret < 0)
{
throw Error("pcap_next_ex(): " + std::string(pcap_geterr(m_pcap)));
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] pcap_next_ex() timed out");
}
else
{
size_t length = pktHeader->caplen;
if (length < ethernet::HDR_LEN + ethernet::MIN_DATA_LEN)
throw Error("Received packet is too short");
const ether_header* eh = reinterpret_cast<const ether_header*>(packet);
if (ntohs(eh->ether_type) != ETHERTYPE_NDN)
throw Error("Unrecognized ethertype");
packet += ethernet::HDR_LEN;
length -= ethernet::HDR_LEN;
NFD_LOG_TRACE("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Received: " << length << " bytes");
/// \todo Reserve space in front and at the back
/// of the underlying buffer
Block element;
bool isOk = Block::fromBuffer(packet, length, element);
if (isOk)
{
if (!decodeAndDispatchInput(element))
{
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Received unrecognized block of type " << element.type());
// ignore unknown packet
}
}
else
{
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Received block is invalid or too large to process");
}
}
m_socket->async_read_some(boost::asio::null_buffers(),
bind(&EthernetFace::handleRead, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
void
EthernetFace::processErrorCode(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
if (error == boost::system::errc::operation_canceled)
// when socket is closed by someone
return;
if (!m_pcap)
{
fail("Face closed");
return;
}
std::string msg;
if (error == boost::asio::error::eof)
{
msg = "Face closed";
NFD_LOG_INFO("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName << "] " << msg);
}
else
{
msg = "Receive operation failed, closing face: " + error.category().message(error.value());
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName << "] " << msg);
}
close();
fail(msg);
}
size_t
EthernetFace::getInterfaceMtu() const
{
size_t mtu = ethernet::MAX_DATA_LEN;
#ifdef SIOCGIFMTU
ifreq ifr = boost::initialized_value;
std::strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, m_interfaceName.c_str(), sizeof(ifr.ifr_name) - 1);
if (::ioctl(m_socket->native_handle(), SIOCGIFMTU, &ifr) < 0)
{
NFD_LOG_WARN("[id:" << getId() << ",endpoint:" << m_interfaceName
<< "] Failed to get interface MTU, assuming " << mtu);
}
else
{
mtu = std::min(mtu, static_cast<size_t>(ifr.ifr_mtu));
}
#endif
return mtu;
}
} // namespace nfd