Add new Nfdc batch helper to speed up running multiple commands
and refactoring to minimize code duplication.

Also added two demos/tests under examples to validate behavior.

Change-Id: I0700b7e204793d2a6bbf75f7c920a3e3951005be
diff --git a/examples/tests/faces_test.py b/examples/demos_and_tests/faces_test.py
similarity index 78%
rename from examples/tests/faces_test.py
rename to examples/demos_and_tests/faces_test.py
index 0589441..c1b7a3f 100644
--- a/examples/tests/faces_test.py
+++ b/examples/demos_and_tests/faces_test.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # -*- Mode:python; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- */
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2015-2021, The University of Memphis,
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2024, The University of Memphis,
 #                          Arizona Board of Regents,
 #                          Regents of the University of California.
 #
@@ -73,8 +73,9 @@
     It can also be set manually as follows. The important bit to note here
     is the use of the Nfdc command
     """
-    links = {"a":["b", "c"], "b":["c"]}
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
     nfdc_batches = dict()
+    info("Setting up routes and strategies...\n")
     for first in links:
         for second in links[first]:
             host1 = ndn.net[first]
@@ -84,23 +85,24 @@
             Nfdc.createFace(host1, interface_ip)
             Nfdc.registerRoute(host1, PREFIX, interface_ip, cost=0)
             Nfdc.setStrategy(host1, PREFIX, Nfdc.STRATEGY_ASF)
-    sleep(1) 
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    sleep(1)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     # Start ping server
     info("Starting pings...\n")
-    pingserver_log = open("{}/c/ndnpingserver.log".format(ndn.workDir), "w")
-    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], "ndnpingserver {}".format(PREFIX), stdout=pingserver_log,\
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,\
              stderr=pingserver_log)
 
     # start ping client
-    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping1.wait()
     printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
 
-    links = {"a":["b", "c"], "b":["c"]}
+    info("Bringing down routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
     for first in links:
         for second in links[first]:
             host1 = ndn.net[first]
@@ -111,11 +113,11 @@
             Nfdc.destroyFace(host1, interface_ip)
             Nfdc.unsetStrategy(host1, PREFIX)
     sleep(1)
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
-    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping2.wait()
     printOutput(ping2.stdout.read())
 
@@ -153,7 +155,8 @@
     It can also be set manually as follows. The important bit to note here
     is the use of the Nfdc command
     """
-    links = {"a":["b", "c"], "b":["c"]}
+    info("Setting up routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
     nfdc_batches = dict()
     for first in links:
         for second in links[first]:
@@ -165,22 +168,24 @@
             Nfdc.createFace(host1, interface_addr, protocol=Nfdc.PROTOCOL_ETHER, localInterface=sender_interface)
             Nfdc.registerRoute(host1, PREFIX, interface_addr, cost=0, protocol=Nfdc.PROTOCOL_ETHER)
             Nfdc.setStrategy(host1, PREFIX, Nfdc.STRATEGY_ASF)
-    sleep(1) 
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    sleep(1)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     # Start ping server
     info("Starting pings...\n")
-    pingserver_log = open("{}/c/ndnpingserver.log".format(ndn.workDir), "w")
-    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], "ndnpingserver {}".format(PREFIX), stdout=pingserver_log,\
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,\
              stderr=pingserver_log)
 
     # start ping client
-    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping1.wait()
     printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
 
+    info("Bringing down routes and strategies...\n")
+
     links = {"a":["b", "c"], "b":["c"]}
     for first in links:
         for second in links[first]:
@@ -192,11 +197,11 @@
             Nfdc.destroyFace(host1, interface_addr, protocol=Nfdc.PROTOCOL_ETHER)
             Nfdc.unsetStrategy(host1, PREFIX)
     sleep(1)
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
-    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping2.wait()
     printOutput(ping2.stdout.read())
 
@@ -234,6 +239,10 @@
     Experiment.startPctPings(ndn.net, 60)
 
     sleep(70)
+    
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     ndn.stop()
 
@@ -267,6 +276,10 @@
     Experiment.startPctPings(ndn.net, 60)
 
     sleep(70)
+    
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     ndn.stop()
 
@@ -311,18 +324,18 @@
 
     info('Route addition to NFD completed succesfully\n')
 
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     # Start ping server
     info("Starting pings...\n")
-    pingserver_log = open("{}/c/ndnpingserver.log".format(ndn.workDir), "w")
-    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], "ndnpingserver {}".format(PREFIX), stdout=pingserver_log,\
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,\
              stderr=pingserver_log)
 
     # start ping client
-    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping1.wait()
     printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
 
@@ -369,28 +382,34 @@
 
     info('Route addition to NFD completed succesfully\n')
 
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
-    debug(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
 
     # Start ping server
     info("Starting pings...\n")
-    pingserver_log = open("{}/c/ndnpingserver.log".format(ndn.workDir), "w")
-    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], "ndnpingserver {}".format(PREFIX), stdout=pingserver_log,\
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,\
              stderr=pingserver_log)
 
     # start ping client
-    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     ping1.wait()
     printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
 
     ndn.stop()
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    setLogLevel("debug")
+    setLogLevel("info")
+    info("\n\nUDP FACES\n")
     udp_run()
+    info("\n\nETHERNET FACES\n")
     eth_run()
+    info("\n\nNLSR WITH UDP FACES\n")
     udp_nlsr_run()
+    info("\n\nNLSR WITH ETHERNET FACES\n")
     eth_nlsr_run()
+    info("\n\nSTATIC ROUTING HELPER WITH UDP FACES\n")
     udp_static_run()
+    info("\n\nSTATIC ROUTING HELPER WITH ETHERNET FACES\n")
     eth_static_run()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_batch_example.py b/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_batch_example.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea002cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_batch_example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+# -*- Mode:python; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- */
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2024, The University of Memphis,
+#                          Arizona Board of Regents,
+#                          Regents of the University of California.
+#
+# This file is part of Mini-NDN.
+# See AUTHORS.md for a complete list of Mini-NDN authors and contributors.
+#
+# Mini-NDN is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Mini-NDN is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Mini-NDN, e.g., in COPYING.md file.
+# If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from subprocess import PIPE
+from time import sleep
+
+from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info, debug
+from mininet.topo import Topo
+
+from minindn.minindn import Minindn
+from minindn.apps.app_manager import AppManager
+from minindn.util import MiniNDNCLI, getPopen
+from minindn.apps.nfd import Nfd
+from minindn.helpers.nfdc import Nfdc, NfdcBatch
+
+PREFIX = "/example"
+
+def printOutput(output):
+    _out = output.decode("utf-8").split("\n")
+    for _line in _out:
+        info(_line + "\n")
+
+def run():
+    Minindn.cleanUp()
+    Minindn.verifyDependencies()
+
+    # Topology can be created/modified using Mininet topo object
+    topo = Topo()
+    info("Setup\n")
+    # add hosts
+    a = topo.addHost('a')
+    b = topo.addHost('b')
+    c = topo.addHost('c')
+
+    # add links
+    topo.addLink(a, b, delay='10ms', bw=10) # bw = bandwidth
+    topo.addLink(b, c, delay='10ms', bw=10)
+    topo.addLink(a, c, delay='10ms', bw=10)
+
+    ndn = Minindn(topo=topo)
+    ndn.start()
+
+    # configure and start nfd on each node
+    info("Configuring NFD\n")
+    AppManager(ndn, ndn.net.hosts, Nfd, logLevel="DEBUG")
+
+    info("Setting up routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
+    nfdc_batches = dict()
+    for first in links:
+        nfdc_batches[first] = NfdcBatch()
+        batch = nfdc_batches[first]
+        for second in links[first]:
+            host1 = ndn.net[first]
+            host2 = ndn.net[second]
+            interface = host2.connectionsTo(host1)[0][0]
+            interface_ip = interface.IP()
+            # Nfdc.createFace(host1, interface_ip)
+            batch.createFace(interface_ip)
+            batch.registerRoute(PREFIX, interface_ip, cost=0)
+            batch.setStrategy(PREFIX, Nfdc.STRATEGY_ASF)
+    for node in nfdc_batches:
+        nfdc_batches[node].executeBatch(ndn.net[node])
+    sleep(1)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+
+    # Start ping server
+    info("Starting pings...\n")
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,
+             stderr=pingserver_log)
+
+    # start ping client
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1.wait()
+    printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
+
+    info("Bringing down routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
+    nfdc_batches = dict()
+    for first in links:
+        nfdc_batches[first] = NfdcBatch()
+        batch = nfdc_batches[first]
+        for second in links[first]:
+            host1 = ndn.net[first]
+            host2 = ndn.net[second]
+            interface = host2.connectionsTo(host1)[0][0]
+            interface_ip = interface.IP()
+            batch.unregisterRoute(PREFIX, interface_ip)
+            batch.destroyFace(interface_ip)
+            batch.unsetStrategy(PREFIX)
+    for node in nfdc_batches:
+       nfdc_batches[node].executeBatch(ndn.net[node])
+    sleep(1)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+
+    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], "ndnping {} -c 5".format(PREFIX), stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping2.wait()
+    printOutput(ping2.stdout.read())
+
+    info("\nExperiment Completed!\n")
+    # MiniNDNCLI(ndn.net)
+    ndn.stop()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    setLogLevel("info")
+    run()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_example.py b/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_example.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baf1a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/demos_and_tests/nfdc_example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+# -*- Mode:python; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- */
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2024, The University of Memphis,
+#                          Arizona Board of Regents,
+#                          Regents of the University of California.
+#
+# This file is part of Mini-NDN.
+# See AUTHORS.md for a complete list of Mini-NDN authors and contributors.
+#
+# Mini-NDN is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Mini-NDN is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Mini-NDN, e.g., in COPYING.md file.
+# If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from subprocess import PIPE
+from time import sleep
+
+from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info, debug
+from mininet.topo import Topo
+
+from minindn.minindn import Minindn
+from minindn.apps.app_manager import AppManager
+from minindn.util import MiniNDNCLI, getPopen
+from minindn.apps.nfd import Nfd
+from minindn.helpers.nfdc import Nfdc, NfdcBatch
+
+PREFIX = "/example"
+
+def printOutput(output):
+    _out = output.decode("utf-8").split("\n")
+    for _line in _out:
+        info(_line + "\n")
+
+def run():
+    Minindn.cleanUp()
+    Minindn.verifyDependencies()
+
+    # Topology can be created/modified using Mininet topo object
+    topo = Topo()
+    info("Setup\n")
+    # add hosts
+    a = topo.addHost('a')
+    b = topo.addHost('b')
+    c = topo.addHost('c')
+
+    # add links
+    topo.addLink(a, b, delay='10ms', bw=10) # bw = bandwidth
+    topo.addLink(b, c, delay='10ms', bw=10)
+    topo.addLink(a, c, delay='10ms', bw=10)
+
+    ndn = Minindn(topo=topo)
+    ndn.start()
+
+    # configure and start nfd on each node
+    info("Configuring NFD\n")
+    AppManager(ndn, ndn.net.hosts, Nfd, logLevel="DEBUG")
+
+    info("Setting up routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
+    for first in links:
+        for second in links[first]:
+            host1 = ndn.net[first]
+            host2 = ndn.net[second]
+            interface = host2.connectionsTo(host1)[0][0]
+            interface_ip = interface.IP()
+            # Nfdc.createFace(host1, interface_ip)
+            Nfdc.createFace(host1, interface_ip)
+            Nfdc.registerRoute(host1, PREFIX, interface_ip, cost=0)
+            Nfdc.setStrategy(host1, PREFIX, Nfdc.STRATEGY_ASF)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+
+    # Start ping server
+    info("Starting pings...\n")
+    pingserver_log = open(f"{ndn.workDir}/c/ndnpingserver.log", "w")
+    getPopen(ndn.net["c"], f"ndnpingserver {PREFIX}", stdout=pingserver_log,
+             stderr=pingserver_log)
+
+    # start ping client
+    ping1 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping1.wait()
+    printOutput(ping1.stdout.read())
+
+    info("Bringing down routes and strategies...\n")
+    links = {"a": ["b", "c"], "b": ["c"]}
+    for first in links:
+        for second in links[first]:
+            host1 = ndn.net[first]
+            host2 = ndn.net[second]
+            interface = host2.connectionsTo(host1)[0][0]
+            interface_ip = interface.IP()
+            Nfdc.unregisterRoute(host1, PREFIX, interface_ip)
+            Nfdc.destroyFace(host1, interface_ip)
+            Nfdc.unsetStrategy(host1, PREFIX)
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc face list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc fib list"))
+    info(ndn.net["a"].cmd("nfdc strategy show /example"))
+
+    ping2 = getPopen(ndn.net["a"], f"ndnping {PREFIX} -c 5", stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
+    ping2.wait()
+    printOutput(ping2.stdout.read())
+
+    info("\nExperiment Completed!\n")
+    # MiniNDNCLI(ndn.net)
+    ndn.stop()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    setLogLevel("info")
+    run()
\ No newline at end of file