fw: Nack in pipelines and best-route strategy

* in PIT out-record, add last incoming Nack field
* create incoming Nack pipeline
* create outgoing Nack pipeline
* modify Interest loop pipeline to send Nack upon duplicate Nonce
* in strategy API, add after receive Nack trigger and send Nack action
* in best-route strategy, send Nack-NoRoute before rejecting pending Interest
* in best-route strategy, process incoming Nack

Other changes include:

* Pit::find
* StrategyTester saved arguments structs
* TopologyTester transmit at Transport level

refs #3156

Change-Id: I7868561c0838231083d471261200aeb280cc6e9d
diff --git a/tests/daemon/fw/topology-tester.cpp b/tests/daemon/fw/topology-tester.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10a0b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/daemon/fw/topology-tester.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2015,  Regents of the University of California,
+ *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
+ *                           Colorado State University,
+ *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
+ *                           Washington University in St. Louis,
+ *                           Beijing Institute of Technology,
+ *                           The University of Memphis.
+ *
+ * This file is part of NFD (Named Data Networking Forwarding Daemon).
+ * See AUTHORS.md for complete list of NFD authors and contributors.
+ *
+ * NFD is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
+ * of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
+ * either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * NFD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
+ * without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * NFD, e.g., in COPYING.md file.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "topology-tester.hpp"
+#include <ndn-cxx/encoding/encoding-buffer-fwd.hpp>
+#include "face/generic-link-service.hpp"
+
+namespace nfd {
+namespace fw {
+namespace tests {
+
+using face::LpFaceWrapper;
+
+TopologyForwarderTransport::TopologyForwarderTransport(
+    const FaceUri& localUri, const FaceUri& remoteUri,
+    ndn::nfd::FaceScope scope, ndn::nfd::LinkType linkType)
+{
+  this->setLocalUri(localUri);
+  this->setRemoteUri(remoteUri);
+  this->setScope(scope);
+  this->setPersistency(ndn::nfd::FACE_PERSISTENCY_PERMANENT);
+  this->setLinkType(linkType);
+}
+
+void
+TopologyForwarderTransport::receiveFromTopology(const Block& packet)
+{
+  Packet p;
+  p.packet = packet;
+  this->receive(std::move(p));
+}
+
+void
+TopologyForwarderTransport::doSend(Packet&& packet)
+{
+  this->emitSignal(afterSend, packet.packet);
+}
+
+void
+TopologyClientTransport::receiveFromTopology(const Block& packet)
+{
+  if (m_receiveCallback) {
+    m_receiveCallback(packet);
+  }
+}
+
+void
+TopologyClientTransport::send(const Block& wire)
+{
+  this->emitSignal(afterSend, wire);
+}
+
+void
+TopologyClientTransport::send(const Block& header, const Block& payload)
+{
+  ndn::EncodingBuffer encoder(header.size() + payload.size(), header.size() + payload.size());
+  encoder.appendByteArray(header.wire(), header.size());
+  encoder.appendByteArray(payload.wire(), payload.size());
+
+  this->send(encoder.block());
+}
+
+TopologyLinkBase::TopologyLinkBase()
+  : m_isUp(true)
+{
+}
+
+void
+TopologyLinkBase::attachTransport(TopologyNode i, TopologyTransportBase* transport)
+{
+  BOOST_ASSERT(transport != nullptr);
+  BOOST_ASSERT(m_transports.count(i) == 0);
+
+  m_transports[i] = transport;
+  transport->afterSend.connect([this, i] (const Block& packet) { this->transmit(i, packet); });
+}
+
+void
+TopologyLinkBase::transmit(TopologyNode i, const Block& packet)
+{
+  if (!m_isUp) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (auto&& p : m_transports) {
+    if (p.first == i) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    TopologyTransportBase* recipient = p.second;
+    this->scheduleReceive(recipient, packet);
+  }
+}
+
+TopologyLink::TopologyLink(const time::nanoseconds& delay)
+  : m_delay(delay)
+{
+  BOOST_ASSERT(delay > time::nanoseconds::zero());
+  // zero delay does not work on OSX
+}
+
+void
+TopologyLink::addFace(TopologyNode i, shared_ptr<LpFaceWrapper> face)
+{
+  this->attachTransport(i, dynamic_cast<TopologyTransportBase*>(face->getLpFace()->getTransport()));
+  m_faces[i] = face;
+}
+
+void
+TopologyLink::scheduleReceive(TopologyTransportBase* recipient, const Block& packet)
+{
+  scheduler::schedule(m_delay, [packet, recipient] {
+    recipient->receiveFromTopology(packet);
+  });
+}
+
+TopologyAppLink::TopologyAppLink(shared_ptr<LpFaceWrapper> face)
+  : m_face(face)
+{
+  this->attachTransport(0, dynamic_cast<TopologyTransportBase*>(face->getLpFace()->getTransport()));
+
+  auto clientTransport = make_shared<TopologyClientTransport>();
+  m_client = make_shared<ndn::Face>(clientTransport, getGlobalIoService());
+  this->attachTransport(1, clientTransport.get());
+}
+
+void
+TopologyAppLink::scheduleReceive(TopologyTransportBase* recipient, const Block& packet)
+{
+  getGlobalIoService().post([packet, recipient] {
+    recipient->receiveFromTopology(packet);
+  });
+}
+
+TopologyNode
+TopologyTester::addForwarder(const std::string& label)
+{
+  size_t i = m_forwarders.size();
+  m_forwarders.push_back(std::move(make_unique<Forwarder>()));
+  m_forwarderLabels.push_back(label);
+  BOOST_ASSERT(m_forwarders.size() == m_forwarderLabels.size());
+  return i;
+}
+
+shared_ptr<TopologyLink>
+TopologyTester::addLink(const std::string& label, const time::nanoseconds& delay,
+                        std::initializer_list<TopologyNode> forwarders,
+                        bool forceMultiAccessFace)
+{
+  auto link = make_shared<TopologyLink>(delay);
+  FaceUri remoteUri("topology://link/" + label);
+  ndn::nfd::LinkType linkType = (forceMultiAccessFace || forwarders.size() > 2) ?
+                                ndn::nfd::LINK_TYPE_MULTI_ACCESS :
+                                ndn::nfd::LINK_TYPE_POINT_TO_POINT;
+
+  for (TopologyNode i : forwarders) {
+    Forwarder& forwarder = this->getForwarder(i);
+    FaceUri localUri("topology://" + m_forwarderLabels.at(i) + "/" + label);
+
+    auto service = make_unique<face::GenericLinkService>();
+    auto transport = make_unique<TopologyForwarderTransport>(localUri, remoteUri,
+                     ndn::nfd::FACE_SCOPE_NON_LOCAL, linkType);
+    auto face = make_unique<LpFace>(std::move(service), std::move(transport));
+    auto faceW = make_shared<LpFaceWrapper>(std::move(face));
+
+    forwarder.addFace(faceW);
+    link->addFace(i, faceW);
+  }
+
+  m_links.push_back(link); // keep a shared_ptr so callers don't have to
+  return link;
+}
+
+shared_ptr<TopologyAppLink>
+TopologyTester::addAppFace(const std::string& label, TopologyNode i)
+{
+  Forwarder& forwarder = this->getForwarder(i);
+  FaceUri localUri("topology://" + m_forwarderLabels.at(i) + "/local/" + label);
+  FaceUri remoteUri("topology://" + m_forwarderLabels.at(i) + "/app/" + label);
+
+  auto service = make_unique<face::GenericLinkService>();
+  auto transport = make_unique<TopologyForwarderTransport>(localUri, remoteUri,
+                   ndn::nfd::FACE_SCOPE_LOCAL, ndn::nfd::LINK_TYPE_POINT_TO_POINT);
+  auto face = make_unique<LpFace>(std::move(service), std::move(transport));
+  auto faceW = make_shared<LpFaceWrapper>(std::move(face));
+
+  forwarder.addFace(faceW);
+
+  auto al = make_shared<TopologyAppLink>(faceW);
+  m_appLinks.push_back(al); // keep a shared_ptr so callers don't have to
+  return al;
+}
+
+shared_ptr<TopologyAppLink>
+TopologyTester::addAppFace(const std::string& label, TopologyNode i, const Name& prefix, uint64_t cost)
+{
+  shared_ptr<TopologyAppLink> al = this->addAppFace(label, i);
+  this->registerPrefix(i, al->getForwarderFace(), prefix, cost);
+  return al;
+}
+
+void
+TopologyTester::registerPrefix(TopologyNode i, const Face& face, const Name& prefix, uint64_t cost)
+{
+  Forwarder& forwarder = this->getForwarder(i);
+  Fib& fib = forwarder.getFib();
+  shared_ptr<fib::Entry> fibEntry = fib.insert(prefix).first;
+  fibEntry->addNextHop(const_cast<Face&>(face).shared_from_this(), cost);
+}
+
+void
+TopologyTester::addEchoProducer(ndn::Face& face, const Name& prefix)
+{
+  face.setInterestFilter(prefix,
+      [&face] (const ndn::InterestFilter&, const Interest& interest) {
+        shared_ptr<Data> data = makeData(interest.getName());
+        face.put(*data);
+      });
+}
+
+void
+TopologyTester::addIntervalConsumer(ndn::Face& face, const Name& prefix,
+                                    const time::nanoseconds& interval, size_t n)
+{
+  Name name(prefix);
+  name.appendTimestamp();
+  shared_ptr<Interest> interest = makeInterest(name);
+  face.expressInterest(*interest, bind([]{}));
+
+  if (n > 1) {
+    scheduler::schedule(interval, bind(&TopologyTester::addIntervalConsumer, this,
+                                       ref(face), prefix, interval, n - 1));
+  }
+}
+
+} // namespace tests
+} // namespace fw
+} // namespace nfd