tests/daemon/face/tcp.cpp

/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/**
 * Copyright (c) 2014,  Regents of the University of California,
 *                      Arizona Board of Regents,
 *                      Colorado State University,
 *                      University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
 *                      Washington University in St. Louis,
 *                      Beijing Institute of Technology,
 *                      The University of Memphis
 *
 * This file is part of NFD (Named Data Networking Forwarding Daemon).
 * See AUTHORS.md for complete list of NFD authors and contributors.
 *
 * NFD is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
 * of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
 * either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * NFD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
 * without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
 * NFD, e.g., in COPYING.md file.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include "face/tcp-factory.hpp"
#include "core/resolver.hpp"
#include "core/network-interface.hpp"
#include <ndn-cxx/security/key-chain.hpp>

#include "tests/test-common.hpp"
#include "tests/limited-io.hpp"
#include "dummy-stream-sender.hpp"
#include "packet-datasets.hpp"

namespace nfd {
namespace tests {

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(FaceTcp, BaseFixture)

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ChannelMap)
{
  TcpFactory factory;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1a = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1, channel1a);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1->getUri().toString(), "tcp4://127.0.0.1:20070");

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel2 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20071");
  BOOST_CHECK_NE(channel1, channel2);

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel3 = factory.createChannel("::1", "20071");
  BOOST_CHECK_NE(channel2, channel3);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel3->getUri().toString(), "tcp6://[::1]:20071");
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(GetChannels)
{
  TcpFactory factory;
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(factory.getChannels().empty(), true);

  std::vector<shared_ptr<const Channel> > expectedChannels;
  expectedChannels.push_back(factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070"));
  expectedChannels.push_back(factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20071"));
  expectedChannels.push_back(factory.createChannel("::1", "20071"));

  std::list<shared_ptr<const Channel> > channels = factory.getChannels();
  for (std::list<shared_ptr<const Channel> >::const_iterator i = channels.begin();
       i != channels.end(); ++i)
    {
      std::vector<shared_ptr<const Channel> >::iterator pos =
        std::find(expectedChannels.begin(), expectedChannels.end(), *i);

      BOOST_REQUIRE(pos != expectedChannels.end());
      expectedChannels.erase(pos);
    }

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(expectedChannels.size(), 0);
}

class EndToEndFixture : protected BaseFixture
{
public:
  void
  channel1_onFaceCreated(const shared_ptr<Face>& newFace)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK(!static_cast<bool>(face1));
    face1 = newFace;
    face1->onReceiveInterest +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face1_onReceiveInterest, this, _1);
    face1->onReceiveData +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face1_onReceiveData, this, _1);
    face1->onFail +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face1_onFail, this);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  channel1_onConnectFailed(const std::string& reason)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, reason);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face1_onReceiveInterest(const Interest& interest)
  {
    face1_receivedInterests.push_back(interest);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face1_onReceiveData(const Data& data)
  {
    face1_receivedDatas.push_back(data);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face1_onFail()
  {
    face1.reset();
    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  channel2_onFaceCreated(const shared_ptr<Face>& newFace)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK(!static_cast<bool>(face2));
    face2 = newFace;
    face2->onReceiveInterest +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face2_onReceiveInterest, this, _1);
    face2->onReceiveData +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face2_onReceiveData, this, _1);
    face2->onFail +=
      bind(&EndToEndFixture::face2_onFail, this);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  channel2_onConnectFailed(const std::string& reason)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, reason);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face2_onReceiveInterest(const Interest& interest)
  {
    face2_receivedInterests.push_back(interest);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face2_onReceiveData(const Data& data)
  {
    face2_receivedDatas.push_back(data);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  face2_onFail()
  {
    face2.reset();
    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  channel_onFaceCreated(const shared_ptr<Face>& newFace)
  {
    faces.push_back(newFace);
    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  channel_onConnectFailed(const std::string& reason)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, reason);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  checkFaceList(size_t shouldBe)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(faces.size(), shouldBe);
  }

public:
  LimitedIo limitedIo;

  shared_ptr<Face> face1;
  std::vector<Interest> face1_receivedInterests;
  std::vector<Data> face1_receivedDatas;
  shared_ptr<Face> face2;
  std::vector<Interest> face2_receivedInterests;
  std::vector<Data> face2_receivedDatas;

  std::list< shared_ptr<Face> > faces;
};

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(EndToEnd4, EndToEndFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory1;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1 = factory1.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  factory1.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20071");

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1->isListening(), false);

  channel1->listen(bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                   bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1->isListening(), true);

  TcpFactory factory2;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel2 = factory2.createChannel("127.0.0.2", "20070");
  factory2.createChannel("127.0.0.2", "20071");

  factory2.createFace(FaceUri("tcp://127.0.0.1:20070"),
                      bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                      bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(2, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept connection");

  BOOST_REQUIRE(static_cast<bool>(face1));
  BOOST_REQUIRE(static_cast<bool>(face2));

  BOOST_CHECK(face1->isOnDemand());
  BOOST_CHECK(!face2->isOnDemand());

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2->getRemoteUri().toString(), "tcp4://127.0.0.1:20070");
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1->getLocalUri().toString(), "tcp4://127.0.0.1:20070");
  // face1 has an unknown remoteUri, since the source port is automatically chosen by OS

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1->isLocal(), true);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2->isLocal(), true);

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(static_cast<bool>(dynamic_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face1)), true);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(static_cast<bool>(dynamic_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face2)), true);

  // integrated tests needs to check that TcpFace for non-loopback fails these tests...

  shared_ptr<Interest> interest1 = makeInterest("ndn:/TpnzGvW9R");
  shared_ptr<Data>     data1     = makeData("ndn:/KfczhUqVix");
  shared_ptr<Interest> interest2 = makeInterest("ndn:/QWiIMfj5sL");
  shared_ptr<Data>     data2     = makeData("ndn:/XNBV796f");

  face1->sendInterest(*interest1);
  face1->sendInterest(*interest1);
  face1->sendInterest(*interest1);
  face1->sendData    (*data1    );
  size_t nBytesSent1 = interest1->wireEncode().size() * 3 + data1->wireEncode().size();
  face2->sendInterest(*interest2);
  face2->sendData    (*data2    );
  face2->sendData    (*data2    );
  face2->sendData    (*data2    );

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(8, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot send or receive Interest/Data packets");

  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face1_receivedInterests.size(), 1);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face1_receivedDatas    .size(), 3);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face2_receivedInterests.size(), 3);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face2_receivedDatas    .size(), 1);

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1_receivedInterests[0].getName(), interest2->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1_receivedDatas    [0].getName(), data2->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2_receivedInterests[0].getName(), interest1->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2_receivedDatas    [0].getName(), data1->getName());

  // needed to ensure NOutBytes counters are accurate
  limitedIo.run(LimitedIo::UNLIMITED_OPS, time::seconds(1));

  const FaceCounters& counters1 = face1->getCounters();
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters1.getNInInterests() , 1);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters1.getNInDatas()     , 3);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters1.getNOutInterests(), 3);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters1.getNOutDatas()    , 1);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters1.getNOutBytes(), nBytesSent1);

  const FaceCounters& counters2 = face2->getCounters();
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters2.getNInInterests() , 3);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters2.getNInDatas()     , 1);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters2.getNOutInterests(), 1);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters2.getNOutDatas()    , 3);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(counters2.getNInBytes(), nBytesSent1);
}

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(EndToEnd6, EndToEndFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory1;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1 = factory1.createChannel("::1", "20070");
  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel2 = factory1.createChannel("::1", "20071");

  channel1->listen(bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                   bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  TcpFactory factory2;

  factory2.createChannel("::2", "20070");

  factory2.createFace(FaceUri("tcp://[::1]:20070"),
                      bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                      bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(2, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept connection");

  BOOST_REQUIRE(static_cast<bool>(face1));
  BOOST_REQUIRE(static_cast<bool>(face2));

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2->getRemoteUri().toString(), "tcp6://[::1]:20070");
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1->getLocalUri().toString(), "tcp6://[::1]:20070");
  // face1 has an unknown remoteUri, since the source port is automatically chosen by OS

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1->isLocal(), true);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2->isLocal(), true);

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(static_cast<bool>(dynamic_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face1)), true);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(static_cast<bool>(dynamic_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face2)), true);

  // integrated tests needs to check that TcpFace for non-loopback fails these tests...

  shared_ptr<Interest> interest1 = makeInterest("ndn:/TpnzGvW9R");
  shared_ptr<Data>     data1     = makeData("ndn:/KfczhUqVix");
  shared_ptr<Interest> interest2 = makeInterest("ndn:/QWiIMfj5sL");
  shared_ptr<Data>     data2     = makeData("ndn:/XNBV796f");

  face1->sendInterest(*interest1);
  face1->sendData    (*data1    );
  face2->sendInterest(*interest2);
  face2->sendData    (*data2    );

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(4, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot send or receive Interest/Data packets");


  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face1_receivedInterests.size(), 1);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face1_receivedDatas    .size(), 1);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face2_receivedInterests.size(), 1);
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(face2_receivedDatas    .size(), 1);

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1_receivedInterests[0].getName(), interest2->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face1_receivedDatas    [0].getName(), data2->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2_receivedInterests[0].getName(), interest1->getName());
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(face2_receivedDatas    [0].getName(), data1->getName());
}

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(MultipleAccepts, EndToEndFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel2 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20071");

  channel1->listen(bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                   bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  channel2->connect("127.0.0.1", "20070",
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onConnectFailed, this, _1),
                    time::seconds(4)); // very short timeout

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(2, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept connection");


  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(faces.size(), 2);

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel3 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20072");
  channel3->connect("127.0.0.1", "20070",
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onConnectFailed, this, _1),
                    time::seconds(4)); // very short timeout


  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel4 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20073");

  BOOST_CHECK_NE(channel3, channel4);

  scheduler::schedule(time::seconds(1),
      bind(&TcpChannel::connect, channel4, "127.0.0.1", "20070",
          // does not work without static_cast
           static_cast<TcpChannel::FaceCreatedCallback>(
               bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onFaceCreated, this, _1)),
           static_cast<TcpChannel::ConnectFailedCallback>(
               bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel_onConnectFailed, this, _1)),
           time::seconds(4)));

  scheduler::schedule(time::milliseconds(500),
                      bind(&EndToEndFixture::checkFaceList, this, 4));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(4,// 2 connects and 2 accepts
                      time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept multiple connections");

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(faces.size(), 6);
}


BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(FaceClosing, EndToEndFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel1 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel2 = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20071");

  channel1->listen(bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                   bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel1_onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  channel2->connect("127.0.0.1", "20070",
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                    bind(&EndToEndFixture::channel2_onConnectFailed, this, _1),
                    time::seconds(4)); // very short timeout

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(2, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept connection");

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1->size(), 1);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel2->size(), 1);

  BOOST_REQUIRE(static_cast<bool>(face1));
  BOOST_CHECK(static_cast<bool>(face2));

  // Face::close must be invoked during io run to be counted as an op
  scheduler::schedule(time::milliseconds(100), bind(&Face::close, face1));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(2, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "FaceClosing error: cannot properly close faces");

  // both faces should get closed
  BOOST_CHECK(!static_cast<bool>(face1));
  BOOST_CHECK(!static_cast<bool>(face2));

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel1->size(), 0);
  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(channel2->size(), 0);
}




class SimpleEndToEndFixture : protected BaseFixture
{
public:
  void
  onFaceCreated(const shared_ptr<Face>& face)
  {
    face->onReceiveInterest +=
      bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onReceiveInterest, this, _1);
    face->onReceiveData +=
      bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onReceiveData, this, _1);
    face->onFail +=
      bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onFail, this, face);

    if (static_cast<bool>(dynamic_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face))) {
      static_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face)->setLocalControlHeaderFeature(
        LOCAL_CONTROL_FEATURE_INCOMING_FACE_ID);

      static_pointer_cast<LocalFace>(face)->setLocalControlHeaderFeature(
        LOCAL_CONTROL_FEATURE_NEXT_HOP_FACE_ID);
    }

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  onConnectFailed(const std::string& reason)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, reason);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  onReceiveInterest(const Interest& interest)
  {
    receivedInterests.push_back(interest);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  onReceiveData(const Data& data)
  {
    receivedDatas.push_back(data);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  onFail(const shared_ptr<Face>& face)
  {
    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

public:
  LimitedIo limitedIo;

  std::vector<Interest> receivedInterests;
  std::vector<Data> receivedDatas;
};


BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(LocalFaceCorruptedInput, Dataset,
                                 CorruptedPackets, SimpleEndToEndFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel = factory.createChannel("127.0.0.1", "20070");
  channel->listen(bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                  bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onConnectFailed, this, _1));
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(channel->isListening(), true);

  DummyStreamSender<boost::asio::ip::tcp, Dataset> sender;
  sender.start(Resolver<boost::asio::ip::tcp>::syncResolve("127.0.0.1", "20070"));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(LimitedIo::UNLIMITED_OPS,
                                    time::seconds(1)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_TIME,
                      "Exception thrown for " + Dataset::getName());
}

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(FaceCorruptedInput, Dataset,
                                 CorruptedPackets, SimpleEndToEndFixture)
{
  // tests with non-local Face
  std::string someIpv4Address;
  std::list< shared_ptr<NetworkInterfaceInfo> > ifs = listNetworkInterfaces();
  for (std::list< shared_ptr<NetworkInterfaceInfo> >::const_iterator i = ifs.begin();
       i != ifs.end();
       ++i)
    {
      if (!(*i)->isLoopback() && (*i)->isUp() && !(*i)->ipv4Addresses.empty())
        {
          someIpv4Address = (*i)->ipv4Addresses[0].to_string();
          break;
        }
    }
  if (someIpv4Address.empty())
    {
      BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("Test with non-local Face cannot be run "
                         "(no non-local interface with IPv4 address available)");
      return;
    }

  TcpFactory factory;

  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel = factory.createChannel(someIpv4Address, "20070");
  channel->listen(bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onFaceCreated,   this, _1),
                  bind(&SimpleEndToEndFixture::onConnectFailed, this, _1));
  BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(channel->isListening(), true);


  DummyStreamSender<boost::asio::ip::tcp, Dataset> sender;
  sender.start(Resolver<boost::asio::ip::tcp>::syncResolve(someIpv4Address, "20070"));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(LimitedIo::UNLIMITED_OPS,
                                    time::seconds(1)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_TIME,
                      "Exception thrown for " + Dataset::getName());
}

class FaceCreateTimeoutFixture : protected BaseFixture
{
public:
  void
  onFaceCreated(const shared_ptr<Face>& newFace)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(false, "Timeout expected");
    BOOST_CHECK(!static_cast<bool>(face1));
    face1 = newFace;

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

  void
  onConnectFailed(const std::string& reason)
  {
    BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(true, reason);

    limitedIo.afterOp();
  }

public:
  LimitedIo limitedIo;

  shared_ptr<Face> face1;
};


BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(FaceCreateTimeout, FaceCreateTimeoutFixture)
{
  TcpFactory factory;
  shared_ptr<TcpChannel> channel = factory.createChannel("0.0.0.0", "20070");

  factory.createFace(FaceUri("tcp://192.0.2.1:20070"),
                     bind(&FaceCreateTimeoutFixture::onFaceCreated, this, _1),
                     bind(&FaceCreateTimeoutFixture::onConnectFailed, this, _1));

  BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(limitedIo.run(1, time::seconds(10)) == LimitedIo::EXCEED_OPS,
                      "TcpChannel error: cannot connect or cannot accept connection");

  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(static_cast<bool>(face1), false);
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()

} // namespace tests
} // namespace nfd