Improve and simplify code with modern C++ features

Change-Id: I28d84df3087492ab2ecbeb91169a2cde12c9e31e
diff --git a/src/security/pib/certificate-container.hpp b/src/security/pib/certificate-container.hpp
index cc1798a..1fb1c63 100644
--- a/src/security/pib/certificate-container.hpp
+++ b/src/security/pib/certificate-container.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Regents of the University of California.
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Regents of the University of California.
  *
  * This file is part of ndn-cxx library (NDN C++ library with eXperimental eXtensions).
  *
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "../v2/certificate.hpp"
 
+#include <iterator>
 #include <set>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
@@ -46,9 +47,15 @@
 class CertificateContainer : noncopyable
 {
 public:
-  class const_iterator : public std::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag, const v2::Certificate>
+  class const_iterator
   {
   public:
+    using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
+    using value_type        = const v2::Certificate;
+    using difference_type   = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using pointer           = value_type*;
+    using reference         = value_type&;
+
     const_iterator();
 
     v2::Certificate
diff --git a/src/security/pib/identity-container.hpp b/src/security/pib/identity-container.hpp
index 9e45cf9..24bd5c3 100644
--- a/src/security/pib/identity-container.hpp
+++ b/src/security/pib/identity-container.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Regents of the University of California.
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Regents of the University of California.
  *
  * This file is part of ndn-cxx library (NDN C++ library with eXperimental eXtensions).
  *
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "identity.hpp"
 
+#include <iterator>
 #include <set>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
@@ -46,9 +47,15 @@
 class IdentityContainer : noncopyable
 {
 public:
-  class const_iterator : public std::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag, const Identity>
+  class const_iterator
   {
   public:
+    using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
+    using value_type        = const Identity;
+    using difference_type   = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using pointer           = value_type*;
+    using reference         = value_type&;
+
     const_iterator();
 
     Identity
diff --git a/src/security/pib/key-container.hpp b/src/security/pib/key-container.hpp
index 55a799e..6475cd2 100644
--- a/src/security/pib/key-container.hpp
+++ b/src/security/pib/key-container.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Regents of the University of California.
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Regents of the University of California.
  *
  * This file is part of ndn-cxx library (NDN C++ library with eXperimental eXtensions).
  *
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "key.hpp"
 
+#include <iterator>
 #include <set>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
@@ -47,9 +48,15 @@
 class KeyContainer : noncopyable
 {
 public:
-  class const_iterator : public std::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag, const Key>
+  class const_iterator
   {
   public:
+    using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
+    using value_type        = const Key;
+    using difference_type   = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using pointer           = value_type*;
+    using reference         = value_type&;
+
     const_iterator();
 
     Key
diff --git a/src/security/tpm/back-end-file.cpp b/src/security/tpm/back-end-file.cpp
index 7c836d2..a560fad 100644
--- a/src/security/tpm/back-end-file.cpp
+++ b/src/security/tpm/back-end-file.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
     return keyHandle;
   }
   catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
-    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error(std::string("Cannot write key to disk: ") + e.what()));
+    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Cannot write key to disk: "s + e.what()));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/security/tpm/back-end-mem.cpp b/src/security/tpm/back-end-mem.cpp
index 9d051c6..2427229 100644
--- a/src/security/tpm/back-end-mem.cpp
+++ b/src/security/tpm/back-end-mem.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Regents of the University of California.
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Regents of the University of California.
  *
  * This file is part of ndn-cxx library (NDN C++ library with eXperimental eXtensions).
  *
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "key-handle-mem.hpp"
 #include "../transform/private-key.hpp"
 #include "../../encoding/buffer-stream.hpp"
+
 #include <unordered_map>
 
 namespace ndn {
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@
     m_impl->keys[keyName] = key;
   }
   catch (const PrivateKey::Error& e) {
-    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error(std::string("Cannot import private key: ") + e.what()));
+    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Cannot import private key: "s + e.what()));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/security/v2/validation-policy-config.cpp b/src/security/v2/validation-policy-config.cpp
index f6f6ed6..2d82079 100644
--- a/src/security/v2/validation-policy-config.cpp
+++ b/src/security/v2/validation-policy-config.cpp
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
     case 's':
       return time::seconds(refreshPeriod);
     default:
-      BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error(std::string("Bad refresh time unit: ") + unit));
+      BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Bad refresh time unit: "s + unit));
   }
 }