diff --git a/daemon/fw/forwarder.cpp b/daemon/fw/forwarder.cpp
index b8bd076..9648e1b 100644
--- a/daemon/fw/forwarder.cpp
+++ b/daemon/fw/forwarder.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 #include "forwarder.hpp"
 #include "pit-algorithm.hpp"
 #include "core/logger.hpp"
-#include "core/random.hpp"
 #include "strategy.hpp"
 #include "table/cleanup.hpp"
 #include <ndn-cxx/lp/tags.hpp>
@@ -206,8 +205,10 @@
     // chosen NextHop face exists?
     Face* nextHopFace = m_faceTable.get(*nextHopTag);
     if (nextHopFace != nullptr) {
+      NFD_LOG_DEBUG("onContentStoreMiss interest=" << interest.getName() << " nexthop-faceid=" << nextHopFace->getId());
       // go to outgoing Interest pipeline
-      this->onOutgoingInterest(pitEntry, *nextHopFace);
+      // scope control is unnecessary, because privileged app explicitly wants to forward
+      this->onOutgoingInterest(pitEntry, *nextHopFace, interest);
     }
     return;
   }
@@ -234,50 +235,16 @@
 }
 
 void
-Forwarder::onOutgoingInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace,
-                              bool wantNewNonce)
+Forwarder::onOutgoingInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace, const Interest& interest)
 {
-  if (outFace.getId() == face::INVALID_FACEID) {
-    NFD_LOG_WARN("onOutgoingInterest face=invalid interest=" << pitEntry->getName());
-    return;
-  }
   NFD_LOG_DEBUG("onOutgoingInterest face=" << outFace.getId() <<
                 " interest=" << pitEntry->getName());
 
-  // scope control
-  if (fw::violatesScope(*pitEntry, outFace)) {
-    NFD_LOG_DEBUG("onOutgoingInterest face=" << outFace.getId() <<
-                  " interest=" << pitEntry->getName() << " violates scope");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // pick Interest
-  // The outgoing Interest picked is the last incoming Interest that does not come from outFace.
-  // If all in-records come from outFace, it's fine to pick that.
-  // This happens when there's only one in-record that comes from outFace.
-  // The legit use is for vehicular network; otherwise, strategy shouldn't send to the sole inFace.
-  pit::InRecordCollection::iterator pickedInRecord = std::max_element(
-    pitEntry->in_begin(), pitEntry->in_end(),
-    [&outFace] (const pit::InRecord& a, const pit::InRecord& b) {
-      bool isOutFaceA = &a.getFace() == &outFace;
-      bool isOutFaceB = &b.getFace() == &outFace;
-      return (isOutFaceA > isOutFaceB) ||
-             (isOutFaceA == isOutFaceB && a.getLastRenewed() < b.getLastRenewed());
-    });
-  BOOST_ASSERT(pickedInRecord != pitEntry->in_end());
-  auto interest = const_pointer_cast<Interest>(pickedInRecord->getInterest().shared_from_this());
-
-  if (wantNewNonce) {
-    interest = make_shared<Interest>(*interest);
-    static std::uniform_int_distribution<uint32_t> dist;
-    interest->setNonce(dist(getGlobalRng()));
-  }
-
   // insert out-record
-  pitEntry->insertOrUpdateOutRecord(outFace, *interest);
+  pitEntry->insertOrUpdateOutRecord(outFace, interest);
 
   // send Interest
-  outFace.sendInterest(*interest);
+  outFace.sendInterest(interest);
   ++m_counters.nOutInterests;
 }
 
diff --git a/daemon/fw/forwarder.hpp b/daemon/fw/forwarder.hpp
index 44e8eb1..fca81eb 100644
--- a/daemon/fw/forwarder.hpp
+++ b/daemon/fw/forwarder.hpp
@@ -187,8 +187,7 @@
   /** \brief Content Store miss pipeline
   */
   VIRTUAL_WITH_TESTS void
-  onContentStoreMiss(const Face& inFace, const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry,
-                     const Interest& interest);
+  onContentStoreMiss(const Face& inFace, const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, const Interest& interest);
 
   /** \brief Content Store hit pipeline
   */
@@ -199,8 +198,7 @@
   /** \brief outgoing Interest pipeline
    */
   VIRTUAL_WITH_TESTS void
-  onOutgoingInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace,
-                     bool wantNewNonce = false);
+  onOutgoingInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace, const Interest& interest);
 
   /** \brief Interest reject pipeline
    */
diff --git a/daemon/fw/strategy.cpp b/daemon/fw/strategy.cpp
index efe1fac..27d6735 100644
--- a/daemon/fw/strategy.cpp
+++ b/daemon/fw/strategy.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@
 
 #include "strategy.hpp"
 #include "forwarder.hpp"
+#include "pit-algorithm.hpp"
 #include "core/logger.hpp"
+#include "core/random.hpp"
 
 namespace nfd {
 namespace fw {
@@ -66,6 +68,42 @@
 }
 
 void
+Strategy::sendInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace,
+                       bool wantNewNonce)
+{
+  // scope control
+  if (fw::violatesScope(*pitEntry, outFace)) {
+    NFD_LOG_DEBUG("sendInterestLegacy face=" << outFace.getId() <<
+                  " interest=" << pitEntry->getName() << " violates scope");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // pick Interest
+  // The outgoing Interest picked is the last incoming Interest that does not come from outFace.
+  // If all in-records come from outFace, it's fine to pick that.
+  // This happens when there's only one in-record that comes from outFace.
+  // The legit use is for vehicular network; otherwise, strategy shouldn't send to the sole inFace.
+  pit::InRecordCollection::iterator pickedInRecord = std::max_element(
+    pitEntry->in_begin(), pitEntry->in_end(),
+    [&outFace] (const pit::InRecord& a, const pit::InRecord& b) {
+      bool isOutFaceA = &a.getFace() == &outFace;
+      bool isOutFaceB = &b.getFace() == &outFace;
+      return (isOutFaceA > isOutFaceB) ||
+             (isOutFaceA == isOutFaceB && a.getLastRenewed() < b.getLastRenewed());
+    });
+  BOOST_ASSERT(pickedInRecord != pitEntry->in_end());
+  auto interest = const_pointer_cast<Interest>(pickedInRecord->getInterest().shared_from_this());
+
+  if (wantNewNonce) {
+    interest = make_shared<Interest>(*interest);
+    static std::uniform_int_distribution<uint32_t> dist;
+    interest->setNonce(dist(getGlobalRng()));
+  }
+
+  this->sendInterest(pitEntry, outFace, *interest);
+}
+
+void
 Strategy::sendNacks(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, const lp::NackHeader& header,
                     std::initializer_list<const Face*> exceptFaces)
 {
diff --git a/daemon/fw/strategy.hpp b/daemon/fw/strategy.hpp
index 5b3cb2b..bb5b6ef 100644
--- a/daemon/fw/strategy.hpp
+++ b/daemon/fw/strategy.hpp
@@ -131,16 +131,25 @@
   /** \brief send Interest to outFace
    *  \param pitEntry PIT entry
    *  \param outFace face through which to send out the Interest
-   *  \param wantNewNonce if true, a new Nonce will be generated,
-   *                      rather than reusing a Nonce from one of the PIT in-records
+   *  \param interest the Interest packet
    */
   VIRTUAL_WITH_TESTS void
   sendInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace,
-               bool wantNewNonce = false)
+               const Interest& interest)
   {
-    m_forwarder.onOutgoingInterest(pitEntry, outFace, wantNewNonce);
+    m_forwarder.onOutgoingInterest(pitEntry, outFace, interest);
   }
 
+  /** \brief send Interest to outFace
+   *  \param pitEntry PIT entry
+   *  \param outFace face through which to send out the Interest
+   *  \param wantNewNonce if true, a new Nonce will be generated,
+   *                      rather than reusing a Nonce from one of the PIT in-records
+   */
+  void
+  sendInterest(const shared_ptr<pit::Entry>& pitEntry, Face& outFace,
+               bool wantNewNonce = false);
+
   /** \brief decide that a pending Interest cannot be forwarded
    *  \param pitEntry PIT entry
    *