diff --git a/tests/tools/nfdc/execute-command-fixture.hpp b/tests/tools/nfdc/execute-command-fixture.hpp
index 7d73355..6c41c03 100644
--- a/tests/tools/nfdc/execute-command-fixture.hpp
+++ b/tests/tools/nfdc/execute-command-fixture.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
     registerCommands(parser);
     auto [noun, verb, ca, exec] = parser.parse(args, ParseMode::ONE_SHOT);
 
-    Controller controller(face, m_keyChain);
+    ndn::nfd::Controller controller(face, m_keyChain);
     ExecuteContext ctx{noun, verb, ca, 0, out, err, face, m_keyChain, controller};
     exec(ctx);
     exitCode = ctx.exitCode;
diff --git a/tests/tools/nfdc/status-fixture.hpp b/tests/tools/nfdc/status-fixture.hpp
index c82e79b..87ddba8 100644
--- a/tests/tools/nfdc/status-fixture.hpp
+++ b/tests/tools/nfdc/status-fixture.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 
 protected:
   ValidatorUniquePtr validator;
-  Controller controller;
+  ndn::nfd::Controller controller;
 
   M module;
 
diff --git a/tests/tools/nfdc/status-report.t.cpp b/tests/tools/nfdc/status-report.t.cpp
index fbff27a..04b9b86 100644
--- a/tests/tools/nfdc/status-report.t.cpp
+++ b/tests/tools/nfdc/status-report.t.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@
   void
   setResult(uint32_t res, time::nanoseconds delay)
   {
-    BOOST_ASSERT(delay > time::nanoseconds::zero());
+    BOOST_ASSERT(delay > 0_ns);
     m_res = res;
     m_delay = delay;
   }
 
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller&,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller&,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions&) final
   {
     ++nFetchStatusCalls;
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
 protected:
   ndn::util::DummyClientFace face;
   ValidatorNull validator;
-  Controller controller;
+  ndn::nfd::Controller controller;
   StatusReportTester report;
 
   uint32_t res;
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/channel-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/channel-module.cpp
index 3d36df2..eeaac74 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/channel-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/channel-module.cpp
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
 void
-ChannelModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+ChannelModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                            const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                           const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                           const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                            const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::ChannelDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/channel-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/channel-module.hpp
index 2be055c..e91a26b 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/channel-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/channel-module.hpp
@@ -34,16 +34,17 @@
 
 using ndn::nfd::ChannelStatus;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD channel dataset.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FaceMgmt#Channel-Dataset
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD channel dataset.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FaceMgmt#Channel-Dataset
  */
 class ChannelModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
 public:
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/cs-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/cs-module.cpp
index 341034b..1fde355 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/cs-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/cs-module.cpp
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@
 }
 
 void
-CsModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+CsModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                       const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                      const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                      const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                       const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::CsInfoDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/cs-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/cs-module.hpp
index 5bfec40..3874cd1 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/cs-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/cs-module.hpp
@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@
 
 using ndn::nfd::CsInfo;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD CS management.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/CsMgmt
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD CS management.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/CsMgmt
  */
 class CsModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
@@ -57,9 +58,9 @@
   erase(ExecuteContext& ctx);
 
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/execute-command.cpp b/tools/nfdc/execute-command.cpp
index 6706ffc..8c9e5b5 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/execute-command.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/execute-command.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@
 ExecuteContext::makeCommandOptions() const
 {
   return ndn::nfd::CommandOptions()
-           .setTimeout(time::duration_cast<time::milliseconds>(this->getTimeout()));
+         .setTimeout(time::duration_cast<time::milliseconds>(this->getTimeout()));
 }
 
-Controller::CommandFailCallback
+ndn::nfd::CommandFailureCallback
 ExecuteContext::makeCommandFailureHandler(const std::string& commandName)
 {
   return [=] (const ControlResponse& resp) {
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
   };
 }
 
-Controller::DatasetFailCallback
+ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback
 ExecuteContext::makeDatasetFailureHandler(const std::string& datasetName)
 {
   return [=] (uint32_t code, const std::string& reason) {
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/execute-command.hpp b/tools/nfdc/execute-command.hpp
index ee11cf4..4b1bf5d 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/execute-command.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/execute-command.hpp
@@ -38,14 +38,11 @@
 
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
-using ndn::Face;
-using ndn::KeyChain;
 using ndn::nfd::ControlParameters;
 using ndn::nfd::ControlResponse;
-using ndn::nfd::Controller;
 
 /**
- * \brief Context for command execution
+ * \brief Context for command execution.
  */
 class ExecuteContext
 {
@@ -61,13 +58,13 @@
   /** \return handler for command execution failure
    *  \param commandName command name used in error message (present continuous tense)
    */
-  Controller::CommandFailCallback
+  ndn::nfd::CommandFailureCallback
   makeCommandFailureHandler(const std::string& commandName);
 
   /** \return handler for dataset retrieval failure
    *  \param datasetName dataset name used in error message (noun phrase)
    */
-  Controller::DatasetFailCallback
+  ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback
   makeDatasetFailureHandler(const std::string& datasetName);
 
 public:
@@ -79,13 +76,13 @@
   std::ostream& out; ///< output stream
   std::ostream& err; ///< error stream
 
-  Face& face;
-  KeyChain& keyChain;
-  Controller& controller;
+  ndn::Face& face;
+  ndn::KeyChain& keyChain;
+  ndn::nfd::Controller& controller;
 };
 
 /**
- * \brief A function to execute a command
+ * \brief A function to execute a command.
  */
 using ExecuteCommand = std::function<void(ExecuteContext&)>;
 
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/face-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/face-module.cpp
index 5af5e8d..decbf7b 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/face-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/face-module.cpp
@@ -363,9 +363,9 @@
 }
 
 void
-FaceModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+FaceModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                         const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                        const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                        const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                         const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::FaceDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/face-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/face-module.hpp
index 641e272..9a504a6 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/face-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/face-module.hpp
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
 
 using ndn::nfd::FaceStatus;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD face management.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FaceMgmt
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD face management.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FaceMgmt
  */
 class FaceModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@
   destroy(ExecuteContext& ctx);
 
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/fib-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/fib-module.cpp
index e4d3b0e..af92f7d 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/fib-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/fib-module.cpp
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
 void
-FibModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+FibModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                        const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                       const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                       const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                        const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::FibDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/fib-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/fib-module.hpp
index ee466da..f5d3cde 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/fib-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/fib-module.hpp
@@ -35,16 +35,17 @@
 using ndn::nfd::FibEntry;
 using ndn::nfd::NextHopRecord;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD FIB management.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FibMgmt
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD FIB management.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/FibMgmt
  */
 class FibModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
 public:
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.cpp
index 516eefd..301df32 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.cpp
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
 void
-ForwarderGeneralModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+ForwarderGeneralModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                                     const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                                    const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                                    const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                                     const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::ForwarderGeneralStatusDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.hpp
index 5bc4ba1..38be49a 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/forwarder-general-module.hpp
@@ -34,16 +34,17 @@
 
 using ndn::nfd::ForwarderStatus;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD forwarder general status.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/ForwarderStatus
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD forwarder general status.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/ForwarderStatus
  */
 class ForwarderGeneralModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
 public:
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/main.cpp b/tools/nfdc/main.cpp
index b89a3f9..db710bf 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/main.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/main.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -154,9 +154,9 @@
   }
 
   try {
-    Face face;
-    KeyChain keyChain;
-    Controller controller(face, keyChain);
+    ndn::Face face;
+    ndn::KeyChain keyChain;
+    ndn::nfd::Controller controller(face, keyChain);
     size_t commandCounter = 0;
     for (auto& command : commands) {
       ++commandCounter;
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/module.hpp
index c10e27b..42725c1 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/module.hpp
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
 using ndn::nfd::CommandOptions;
-using ndn::nfd::Controller;
 
 /**
  * \brief Provides access to an NFD management module.
@@ -54,9 +53,9 @@
    *  \param options passed to controller.fetch
    */
   virtual void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) = 0;
 
   /** \brief Format collected status as XML.
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/rib-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/rib-module.cpp
index 36e8391..108709b 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/rib-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/rib-module.cpp
@@ -302,9 +302,9 @@
 }
 
 void
-RibModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+RibModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                        const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                       const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                       const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                        const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::RibDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/rib-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/rib-module.hpp
index 568e100..546c3e0 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/rib-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/rib-module.hpp
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
 using ndn::nfd::RibEntry;
 using ndn::nfd::Route;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD RIB management.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/RibMgmt
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD RIB management.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/RibMgmt
  */
 class RibModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@
   remove(ExecuteContext& ctx);
 
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/status-report.cpp b/tools/nfdc/status-report.cpp
index 3611e0f..31ed573 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/status-report.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/status-report.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2022,  Regents of the University of California,
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2023,  Regents of the University of California,
  *                           Arizona Board of Regents,
  *                           Colorado State University,
  *                           University Pierre & Marie Curie, Sorbonne University,
@@ -41,9 +41,10 @@
 }
 
 uint32_t
-StatusReport::collect(Face& face, KeyChain& keyChain, Validator& validator, const CommandOptions& options)
+StatusReport::collect(ndn::Face& face, ndn::KeyChain& keyChain, ndn::security::Validator& validator,
+                      const CommandOptions& options)
 {
-  Controller controller(face, keyChain, validator);
+  ndn::nfd::Controller controller(face, keyChain, validator);
   uint32_t errorCode = 0;
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < sections.size(); ++i) {
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@
 }
 
 void
-StatusReport::processEvents(Face& face)
+StatusReport::processEvents(ndn::Face& face)
 {
   face.processEvents();
 }
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/status-report.hpp b/tools/nfdc/status-report.hpp
index 1d0cb91..0fdd4bb 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/status-report.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/status-report.hpp
@@ -35,10 +35,6 @@
 
 namespace nfd::tools::nfdc {
 
-using ndn::Face;
-using ndn::KeyChain;
-using ndn::security::Validator;
-
 enum class ReportFormat {
   XML = 1,
   TEXT = 2,
@@ -66,26 +62,30 @@
    *          otherwise, error code from any failed section, plus 1000000 * section index
    */
   uint32_t
-  collect(Face& face, KeyChain& keyChain, Validator& validator, const CommandOptions& options);
+  collect(ndn::Face& face, ndn::KeyChain& keyChain, ndn::security::Validator& validator,
+          const CommandOptions& options);
 
-  /** \brief Print an XML report.
-   *  \param os output stream
+  /**
+   * \brief Print an XML report.
+   * \param os output stream
    */
   void
   formatXml(std::ostream& os) const;
 
-  /** \brief Print a text report.
-   *  \param os output stream
+  /**
+   * \brief Print a text report.
+   * \param os output stream
    */
   void
   formatText(std::ostream& os) const;
 
 private:
   NFD_VIRTUAL_WITH_TESTS void
-  processEvents(Face& face);
+  processEvents(ndn::Face& face);
 
 public:
-  /** \brief Modules through which status is collected.
+  /**
+   * \brief Modules through which status is collected.
    */
   std::vector<unique_ptr<Module>> sections;
 };
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.cpp b/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.cpp
index 1d08126..a87afe9 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.cpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.cpp
@@ -150,9 +150,9 @@
 }
 
 void
-StrategyChoiceModule::fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+StrategyChoiceModule::fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
                                   const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-                                  const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+                                  const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
                                   const CommandOptions& options)
 {
   controller.fetch<ndn::nfd::StrategyChoiceDataset>(
diff --git a/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.hpp b/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.hpp
index d9f37fa..d9df3ac 100644
--- a/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.hpp
+++ b/tools/nfdc/strategy-choice-module.hpp
@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@
 
 using ndn::nfd::StrategyChoice;
 
-/** \brief Provides access to NFD Strategy Choice management.
- *  \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/StrategyChoice
+/**
+ * \brief Provides access to NFD Strategy Choice management.
+ * \sa https://redmine.named-data.net/projects/nfd/wiki/StrategyChoice
  */
 class StrategyChoiceModule : public Module, boost::noncopyable
 {
@@ -67,9 +68,9 @@
   unset(ExecuteContext& ctx);
 
   void
-  fetchStatus(Controller& controller,
+  fetchStatus(ndn::nfd::Controller& controller,
               const std::function<void()>& onSuccess,
-              const Controller::DatasetFailCallback& onFailure,
+              const ndn::nfd::DatasetFailureCallback& onFailure,
               const CommandOptions& options) override;
 
   void