Converting current spec to Sphinx format
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://dyadis.cs.arizona.edu/NDN-spec/spec-sphinx@91 c5937c81-b952-4fd9-96ba-3036b240b622
diff --git a/name.rst b/name.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db2599b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/name.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+.. _name:
+
+Name
+----
+
+An NDN Name is a hierarchical name for NDN content, which contains a sequence of name components.
+
+NDN Name Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+We use a 2-level nested TLV to represent a name.
+The Type in the outer TLV indicates this is a Name.
+All inner TLVs have the same Type indicating that they each contain a name component.
+There is no restriction on the Value field in a name component and it may not contain any bytes::
+
+ Name ::= NAME-TYPE TLV-LENGTH NameComponent*
+ NameComponent ::= NAME-COMPONENT-TYPE TLV-LENGTH BYTE+
+
+.. % 0 or many name components in name
+.. % 0 or many bytes in name component
+
+
+NDN URI Scheme
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+For textual representation, it is often convenient to use URI to represent NDN names.
+Please refer to RFC 3986 (URI Generic Syntax) for background.
+
+- The scheme identifier is ``ndn``.
+
+- When producing a URI from an NDN Name, only the generic URI unreserved characters are left unescaped.
+ These are the US-ASCII upper and lower case letters (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9), and the four specials PLUS (+), PERIOD (.), UNDERSCORE (\_), and HYPHEN (-).
+ All other characters are escaped using either the percent-encoding method of the URI Generic Syntax or a ``ndn`` scheme specific hexadecimal string escape starting with the EQUALS (=) and an even number of characters from the set of hex digits.
+ Once an EQUALS has been encountered in a component the hexadecimal encoding persists until the end of the component.
+ The hex digits in these escaped encodings should always use upper-case letters, i.e., A-Z.
+
+- To unambiguously represent name components that would collide with the use of . and .. for relative URIs, any component that consists solely of zero or more periods is encoded using three additional periods.
+
+- The authority component (the part after the initial ``//`` in the familiar http and ftp URI schemes) is not relevant to NDN.
+ It should not be present, and it is ignored if it is present.
+
+Implicit Digest Component
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The Name of every piece of content includes as its final component a derived digest that ultimately makes the name unique.
+This digest may occur in an Interest Name as an ordinary Component (the last one in the name).
+This final component in the name is never included explicitly in the Data packet when it is transmitted on the wire.
+It can be computed by any node based on the Data packet content.
+
+The **implicit digest component** consists of the SHA-256 digest of the entire Data packet without the signature component. Having this digest as the last name component enables us to achieve the following two goals:
+
+- Identify one specific Data packet and no other.
+
+- Exclude a specific Data packet in an Interest (independent from whether it has a valid signature).
+
+Canonical Order
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In several contexts in NDN packet processing, it is useful to have a consistent ordering of names and name components. NDN names consist of a sequence of NameComponents, and each NameComponent is a sequence of zero or more 8-bit bytes. The ordering for components is such that:
+
+- If *a* is shorter than *b* (i.e., has fewer bytes), then *a* comes before *b*.
+
+- If *a* and *b* have the same length, then they are compared in ASCII lexicographic order (e.g., ordering based on memcmp() operation.)
+
+
+For Names, the ordering is just based on the ordering of the first component where they differ.
+If one name is a proper prefix of the other, then it comes first.
+
+Changes from CCNx
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- The name encoding is changed from binary XML to TLV format.
+
+- The discussions on naming conventions and the use of special markers inside NameComponents are removed from packet specification, and will be covered by a separate technical document
+
+.. (\cite{NamingConvention}).
+
+- Deprecated zero-length name component.